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FromHorse wrote: Thu Nov 26, 2020 3:00 pm Motorcyclists' visual scanning pattern in comparison with automobile drivers'
Yasuhisa Nagayama, Takanobu Morita, Toshiaki Miura, Junichi Watanabem, Nobuo Murakami
SAE Transactions, 934-945, 1979
Motorcyclists' visual behavior was examined and compared with that of drivers' by an eyemarker method. The background of this research is as follows. From the accident statistics of Osaka prefecture, characteristics of motorcycle accidents and those of ordinary passenger cars were analysed and compared and it was revealed that collisions on turning right (in the United States, collisions on turning left) are most remarkable. In this case, collisions between motorcycles running straight ahead and automobiles turning right are most typical. The automobile drivers expected that the motorcyclists would give way. But, almost without braking, the motorcycles crashed into the automobiles turning right. Here, one of the problems is motorcyclists unawareness of existence of automobiles turning right. We focused upon this. Three males participated as subjects in these experiments with an eye-marker. Independent variables were type of vehicel arid speed. The results are as follows. (1) The proportion of the road surface which was recorded on film through an eye-marker is much larger in riding motorcycles than in driving an automobile. Motorcyclists 1 head is tilted forward. It follows that they are apt to be looking at the closer road surface more frequently. (2) From the result of distribution of fixation points, it is suggested that motorcyclists are mainly acquiring information from the closer road surface, whereas, automobile drivers are mainly acquiring information from distant foreground. (3) In riding motorcycles, the vertical variance of visual field and fixation points is larger. This suggests that motorcyclists are trying to acquire information from both the closer road surface and the distant foreground. (4) Mean fixation duration of motorcyclists is shorter than that of automobile drivers. This suggests that they are acquiring and identifying information relatively superficially. These findings would throw light on motorcyclists' failure to detect vehicles turning right, oncoming vehicles, crossing vehicles and pedestrians. We stress that education for road users should involve these findings and that more appropriate road conditions for stable riding should be realized.
SP copied the paper to several of the usual subjects.
Horse wrote: Thu Nov 26, 2020 2:43 pm Nakayama (sp?) was interesting on this, comparing the view riders and car drivers took of the road ahead (IIRC the same people ie drivers who rode, or vice versa).
Car drivers looked further ahead, riders spent more time looking down and closer.
He suggested that difference might be due to two things:
- the lower driving position means that the view ofthe road is compressed Vs the higher bike seating position
- the riding position tended to leant forward, so 'encouraging the look downwards
Stephen Prower suggested a third:
Riders are very aware of the effects poor surfaces can have and training which emphasises that.
I think there's a full pdf on the web.
I'm sure we can steer them in the right direction
Their response back then was exactly what I fear:
Are or aren't?